Back Croesus Afrikaans كرويسوس Arabic Cresu AST Krez Azerbaijani Крёз (Лидия батшаһы) Bashkir Croesus BCL Кроз Byelorussian Крез Bulgarian Kroisos Breton Cresos Catalan
| Croesus | |
|---|---|
 Depiction of Croesus, Attic red-figure amphora, painted c. 500–490 BC | |
| King of Lydia | |
| Reign | c. 585 – c. 546 BC |
| Predecessor | Alyattes of Lydia |
| Successor | Cyrus II of Persia |
| Born | 7th/6th century BCE Lydia Kingdom |
| Died | 6th century BCE Sardis, Turkey |
| Issue | 2, including Atys |
| Lydian | 𐤨𐤭𐤬𐤥𐤦𐤮𐤠𐤮 (Krowisas) |
| Father | Alyattes of Lydia |
Croesus (/ˈkriːsəs/ KREE-səs; Lydian: 𐤨𐤭𐤬𐤥𐤦𐤮𐤠𐤮 Krowisas;[1] Phrygian: Akriaewais;[2] Ancient Greek: Κροῖσος, romanized: Kroisos; Latin: Croesus; reigned: c. 585 – c. 546 BC[3]) was the king of Lydia, who reigned from 585 BC until his defeat by the Persian king Cyrus the Great in 547 or 546 BC.[4][3] According to Herodotus, he reigned 14 years. Croesus was renowned for his wealth; Herodotus and Pausanias noted that his gifts were preserved at Delphi.[5] The fall of Croesus had a profound effect on the Greeks, providing a fixed point in their calendar. "By the fifth century at least", J. A. S. Evans has remarked, "Croesus had become a figure of myth, who stood outside the conventional restraints of chronology."[6]
- ^ Kearns, J.M. (1997). "A Lydian Etymology for the Name of Croesus". In Disterheft, Dorothy; Huld, Martin E.; Greppin, John A.C.; Polomé, Edgar C. (eds.). Studies in Honor of Jaan Puhvel-Part One: Ancient Languages and Philology. Washington D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man. pp. 23–28. ISBN 978-0-941-69454-4.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Leloux-2was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Dale, Alexander (2015). "WALWET and KUKALIM: Lydian coin legends, dynastic succession, and the chronology of Mermnad kings". Kadmos. 54: 151–166. doi:10.1515/kadmos-2015-0008. S2CID 165043567. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- ^ Wallace, Robert W. (2016). "Redating Croesus: Herodotean Chronologies, and the Dates of the Earliest Coinages". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 136: 168–181. doi:10.1017/S0075426916000124. JSTOR 44157500. S2CID 164546627. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ Among them a lion of gold, which had tumbled from its perch upon a stack of ingots when the temple at Delphi burned but was preserved and displayed in the Treasury of the Corinthians, where Pausanias saw it (Pausanias 10.5.13). The temple burned in the archonship of Erxicleides, 548–47 BC.
- ^ Evans, J. A. S. (1978). "What Happened to Croesus?". The Classical Journal. 74 (1): 34–40. JSTOR 3296933. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
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